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Hace cinco siglos, el 13 de agosto de 1521, caía Tenochtitlán, la otrora esplendorosa capital del Imperio azteca y ahora tan devastada como sus habitantes, exterminados por la guerra, el hambre y la viruela. Un mundo, el de Moctezuma y Cuauhtémoc, el de Huitzilopochtli y el Tezcatlipoca, se extinguía, y otro, el de Cortés y Malinche, el de Cristo y la Virgen de Guadalupe, nacía. Un hito en la historia universal, que supuso un bocado de león en la conquista española de América y que marcó el nacimiento del país mestizo que es México. Un hito doloroso, pero que cinco siglos después sigue asombrando: ¿cómo pudieron Cortés y su puñado de españoles, prácticamente incomunicados, en medio de un mundo que les era totalmente ajeno y extraño, conquistar un Imperio que se enseñoreaba sobre una vasta parte de lo que hoy es México? ¿Cómo pudieron escapar en la Noche Triste y vencer a los guerreros águila y jaguar en Otumba? Antonio Espino , catedrático de Historia Moderna en la Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, y que respondió a una pregunta similar en Plata y sangre. La conquista del Imperio inca y las guerras civiles del Perú , aborda en Vencer o morir. Una historia militar de la conquista de México la aventura de Hernán Cortés y sus huestes, para resaltar la poderosa personalidad del líder hispano y el papel de las armas y mentalidad europeas, pero evidenciando también la importancia de las alianzas tejidas con los indígenas, sin cuyo concurso la conquista habría sido imposible.
Antonio Espino Lopez
Antonio Espino López (Córdoba, 1966) es catedrático de Historia Moderna de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, especializado en historia de la Guerra. Publicó en 1999 su tesis doctoral Catalunya durante el reinado de Carlos II. Política y guerra en la frontera catalana (1679-1697). Entre los libros que ha escrito destacan Guerra y cultura en la Época Moderna. La tratadística militar hispánica de los siglos XVI y XVII; Los gobernadores de Ibiza en el siglo XVII, galardonado con el premio Vuit dAgost (2005); Guerra, Fisco y Fueros. La defensa de la corona de Aragón en tiempos de Carlos II (1665-1700); Atlas Histórico del Colonialismo y Guerra y defensa en la Mallorca de Carlos II (1665-1700). Es autor de la edición crítica de las obras de Bernardino Barroso y F. Núñez de Velasco.
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