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El Código Alimentario define los alimentos como todas las sustancias o productos de cualquier naturaleza, sólidos o líquidos, naturales o transformados, que por sus características, aplicaciones, componentes, preparación y estado de conservación, sean susceptibles de ser habitual e idóneamente utilizados en la nutrición humana. Otra definición importante es la de nutrientes, que son las sustancias que llevan los alimentos y que son los que realmente componen al ser vivo, le dan energía, le preservan de enfermedades, etc. Entre estos nutrientes tenemos como más importantes las proteínas, hidratos de carbono, grasas, sales minerales y vitaminas. Actualmente, la FAO (Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación), establece cinco principios fundamentales de sostenibilidad para la agricultura y la alimentación: 1º.- Aumentar la productividad, el empleo y el valor añadido en los sistemas de de alimentación. 2º.- Proteger e impulsar los recursos naturales. 3º.- Mejorar los medios de subsistencia y fomentar el crecimiento económico sostenible. 4º.- Potenciar la resiliencia de las personas, de las comunidades y de los ecosistemas. 5º.- Adaptar la gobernanza a los nuevos retos. En este libro, se estudia la composición de los alimentos y su valor nutritivo de forma sencilla, práctica y accesible a todos los lectores. Además se incluyen en cada capítulo ejercicios y casos prácticos, con sus soluciones, de gran ayuda para profesores y alumnos en cursos de formación sobre esta materia. El índice general del libro es el siguiente: CAPÍTULO 1. CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL VALOR NUTRICIONAL DE LOS ALIMENTOS. CAPÍTULO 2. COMPOSICIÓN Y PROPIEDADES DE LOS ALIMENTOS. CAPÍTULO 3. LA NUTRICIÓN DE LOS SERES HUMANOS. CAPÍTULO 4. EL GASTO ENERGÉTICO DE LAS PERSONAS. CAPÍTULO 5. ALIMENTOS ANTIOXIDANTES, FUNCIONALES Y TRANSGÉNICOS. CAPÍTULO 6. ADITIVOS EN LOS ALIMENTOS. SOLUCIONES A LOS EJERCICIOS Y CASOS PRÁCTICOS.