html,body{font-size:16px !important;line-height:18px !important;height:100%;color:#333;padding:0;margin:0}*,html,body{font-family:"Poppins",sans-serif;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;text-rendering:geometrirecision;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);outline:none !important;letter-spacing:-0.1px;word-wrap:break-word}.row{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-left:-10px;margin-right:-10px;padding:0 2px}.col{flex:0 0 auto;width:25%;margin-bottom:20px;padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px}.col .entity-item{height:100%}strong,b{font-family:"Poppins",sans-serif;font-weight:bold}figure{margin:0;padding:0}a{text-decoration:none;color:#174fae}a:hover{text-decoration:underline}pre{padding:5px;margin-top:20px;background:#f3f3f3;border:1px solid #ccc}p{font-size:18px;line-height:24px}.link{cursor:pointer}.nowrap{white-space:nowrap}.overflow-auto{overflow:auto !important;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch !important}.h1,.h2,.h3,.h4,.h5,.h6,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:"Poppins",sans-serif;font-weight:bold}.multiple:after{content:',';margin-right:4px}.multiple:last-child:after{content:'';margin-right:0}.icon-home{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}.icon-home svg{fill:#fff;width:15px;height:15px}.icon svg{fill:#fff;width:35px;height:35px}.m-0{margin:0 !important}.p-0{padding:0 !important}.mt-0{margin-top:0 !important}.mb-0{margin-bottom:0 !important}.mb-2{margin-bottom:10px !important}.me-1{margin-right:5px !important}.me-2{margin-right:10px !important}.mb-4{margin-bottom:20px !important}.mt-2{margin-top:20px !important}.mt-1{margin-top:10px !important}.opacity-0{opacity:0 !important}hr{border:0;border-top:1px solid #ccc}.hide-scrollbar{overflow-x:scroll;scrollbar-width:none}.hide-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}.d-none{display:none !important}.btn{display:inline-block;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;color:#212529;text-align:center;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:middle;cursor:pointer;-webkit--select:none;-moz--select:none;-select:none;background-color:transparent;border:1px solid transparent;padding:.375rem .75rem;font-size:1rem;border-radius:.25rem;transition:color .15s ease-in-out,background-color .15s ease-in-out,border-color .15s ease-in-out,box-shadow .15s ease-in-out}.btn:hover{text-decoration:none}.btn-link{font-weight:400;color:#0d6efd;text-decoration:none}.btn-group-sm>.btn,.btn-sm{padding:.25rem .5rem;font-size:.875rem;border-radius:.2rem}.btn-outline-dark{color:#212529;border-color:#212529}.btn-outline-dark a{color:#212529}.btn-outline-dark:hover{color:#fff;background-color:#212529;border-color:#212529}.btn-outline-dark:hover a{color:#fff;text-decoration:none}.btn-outline-light{color:#f8f9fa;border-color:#f8f9fa}.btn-outline-light:hover{color:#000;background-color:#f8f9fa;border-color:#f8f9fa}.btn-secondary{color:#fff;background-color:#6c757d;border-color:#6c757d}.btn-dark{color:#fff;background-color:#001c4c;border-color:#001c4c}.btn-danger{color:#fff;background-color:#dc3545;border-color:#dc3545}.btn-light{color:#000;background-color:#f8f9fa;border-color:#f8f9fa}.btn-rounded{border-radius:50px}.btn-dark:hover{color:#ccc}.btn-outline-dark{color:#212529;border-color:#212529}.btn-outline-dark:hover{color:#fff;background-color:#212529;border-color:#212529}.btn-movie{font-size:25px;line-height:25px;padding:0;border-radius:50% !important;width:60px;height:60px;margin:0 15px 0 0;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}.btn-movie svg{width:30px;height:30px}.btn-icon{line-height:0}.btn-icon svg{fill:#fff;width:1.1em;height:1.1em}.btn-movie:hover svg{fill:#fff}.breadcrumb{font-size:16px;line-height:30px}.breadcrumb{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:0;margin-bottom:1rem;list-style:none}.breadcrumb-item+.breadcrumb-item{padding-left:.5rem}.breadcrumb-item+.breadcrumb-item::before{float:left;padding-right:.5rem;color:#6c757d;content:"/";font-size:12px}.sidebar{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;height:100%;flex-direction:column}.sticky-box{height:100%;width:100%;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0}.banner{position:sticky;top:10px;margin-bottom:20px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.banner ins{position:sticky;top:10px;text-decoration:none;display:block;overflow:hidden !important}.banner ins:after{content:'PUBLICIDAD';background:#f5f5f5;width:100%;display:block;text-align:center;font-size:12px;line-height:12px;padding:4px 0}.bottom-ad-module{display:none}.roba-mobile{display:none}.roba-mobile,.roba-desktop{min-height:600px}.roba-desktop{display:flex;justify-content:start;align-items:end;flex-direction:column;width:320px;max-width:320px}.board-article-outbrain{margin-bottom:40px}.input-group{position:relative;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:stretch;width:100%}.input-group>.form-control,.input-group>.form-select{position:relative;flex:1 1 auto;width:1%;min-width:0}.input-group:not(.has-validation)>.dropdown-toggle:nth-last-child(n+3),.input-group:not(.has-validation)>:not(:last-child):not(.dropdown-toggle):not(.dropdown-menu){border-top-right-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0}.input-group>:not(:first-child):not(.dropdown-menu):not(.valid-tooltip):not(.valid-):not(.invalid-tooltip):not(.invalid-){margin-left:-1px;border-top-left-radius:0;border-bottom-left-radius:0}.form-control{display:block;width:100%;padding:.375rem .75rem;font-size:1rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;color:#212529;background-color:#fff;background-clip:padding-box;border:1px solid #ced4da;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;border-radius:.25rem;transition:border-color .15s ease-in-out,box-shadow .15s ease-in-out}.form-control-sm{min-height:calc(1.5em+.5rem+2px);padding:.25rem .5rem;font-size:.875rem;border-radius:.2rem}.container{width:1140px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.top{margin-bottom:20px}.topbar-container{width:100%;background-color:#001c4c}.topbar{position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;padding:10px 0;z-index:2}.header-section{border-top:1px solid #fff;background-color:#eaede2;padding:10px 0;text-align:center}.header-section .header-section-title,.header-section .header-section-title a{font-family:"Poppins",sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-size:26px;line-height:26px;margin:0;padding:0;color:#001c4c}.menu-container{width:100%}.menu{position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;border-bottom:1px solid #ffffff59;padding:5px 0;z-index:2;background-color:#f3f3f3}.menu .navbar-nav{display:flex;flex-direction:row;list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}.menu .navbar-nav .nav-link{display:block;padding:.5rem;text-decoration:none;transition:color .15s ease-in-out,background-color .15s ease-in-out,border-color .15s ease-in-out;color:rgba(0,0,0,.55);font-weight:500;font-size:14px;line-height:14px;text-transform:uppercase}.form-search-container{padding:15px 0;width:auto;background-color:#e9f1f8}.form-search{display:flex;flex-direction:row;justify-content:center;width:1140px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.form-search form{display:flex;width:50%}.form-search .input-search-autocomplete{background-color:#ffffffa8}.section{width:100%;margin-bottom:40px}.section .section-header{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;border-top:3px solid #001c4c;border-bottom:1px solid #001c4c;margin-bottom:20px}.section .section-header p,.section .section-header h2,.section .section-header h1{font-size:24px;line-height:28px;font-weight:bold;color:#001c4c;font-size:24px;line-height:24px;padding:10px 0;margin:0}.entity-item{display:flex;flex-direction:column;position:relative;width:100%;border-bottom:4px solid #001c4c;background:#f3f3f3;box-shadow:0 0 4px #000;text-align:left;margin-bottom:0}.entity-item .entity-item-details{order:1;padding:10px}.entity-item .entity-title,.entity-item .entity-title a{font-size:18px;line-height:20px;font-family:"Poppins",sans-serif;font-weight:600;color:#333;text-decoration:none;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;text-transform:uppercase}.entity-item .entity-title small{font-size:14px;line-height:16px}.entity-item .entity-title a:before{content:"";top:0;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;display:block;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;z-index:2}.entity-item .entity-item-image{order:0}.entity-item .figure{position:relative;aspect-ratio:.66666667;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;background-color:#222;color:#fff;overflow:hidden}.entity-item .figure:after{content:var(--category-var);position:absolute;bottom:5px;right:5px;font-size:14px;line-height:14px;text-align:right;background:#2e579e;color:#fff;font-weight:bold;padding:3px 6px;border-radius:5px}.entity-item .figure .img{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}.footer{background-color:#001c4c;padding:20px 0}.footer .container{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;text-align:center}.footer p{font-size:14px;line-height:1;color:#fff;text-align:center;padding:0 10px}.footer a{color:#ccc}.gallery{display:grid;grid-auto-flow:column;grid-auto-columns:calc(100% / 1.1);gap:10px;overflow-x:scroll;scroll-snap-type:x mandatory;scroll-behavior:smooth}.gallery figure{scroll-snap-align:start;position:relative;aspect-ratio:16 / 9;border-radius:10px;border:1px solid #ccc;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;background-color:#222;color:#fff;width:100%}.gallery img{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;border-radius:10px}.video-gallery{display:grid;grid-auto-flow:column;grid-auto-columns:calc(100% / 1.1);gap:10px;overflow-x:scroll;scroll-snap-type:x mandatory;scroll-behavior:smooth}.video{scroll-snap-align:start;border-radius:10px;overflow:hidden}.video iframe{width:100%;height:100%;aspect-ratio:16 / 9}.entity-gallery .gallery-row>*{border:1px solid #ffffff00}.entity-gallery .gallery-row{display:grid;grid-auto-flow:column;grid-auto-columns:calc(100% / 4.06);gap:15px;overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden;scroll-snap-type:x mandatory;scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding:0}.entity-gallery .gallery-row-6{grid-auto-columns:calc(100% / 5.9)}.entity-gallery .gallery-column{width:100%;scroll-snap-align:start;object-fit:cover}.entity-gallery .entity-item{display:flex;flex-direction:column;position:relative;margin-bottom:0;height:100%}.carousel-wrapper{position:relative}.carousel-button{position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);background-color:#00000099;color:white;border:0;padding:10px 10px;cursor:pointer;z-index:10;border-radius:100%;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}.carousel-button svg{fill:#fff;width:20px;height:20px}.carousel-prev{left:0}.carousel-next{right:0}.accordion{width:100%;border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:8px}.accordion-item{border-top:1px solid #ccc}.accordion-header{display:flex;justify-content:start;align-items:center;padding:15px;cursor:pointer;font-weight:bold}.accordion-header .badge{background-color:#6c757d;color:#fff;padding:5px 10px;border-radius:4px;font-size:14px}.accordion-checkbox{display:none}.accordion-content{max-height:0;overflow:hidden;transition:max-height .3s ease;padding:0 10px;background-color:#fff}.accordion-checkbox:checked ~ .accordion-content{max-height:500vh;padding:0 10px}.accordion-content .table{width:100%;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;border-collapse:collapse}.accordion-content .table td{padding:10px;border:1px solid #ddd}.accordion-item:first-of-type{border-top:0}.accordion-header::after{flex-shrink:0;margin-left:auto;content:"+";background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:1.25rem;transition:transform .2s ease-in-out}.accordion-header h4{font-weight:normal}.accordion-content p{margin-top:0}.no-disponible{text-align:center}@media(max-width:1024px){.container{width:100%}.top{margin-bottom:0}.other-container{width:100%;margin:0;padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}.col{flex:0 0 auto;width:50%}.menu{display:block}.aside-container{display:none}.form-search{width:100%}.form-search form{display:flex;width:100%;margin:0 15px}.entity-item .entity-title,.entity-item .entity-title a{font-size:16px;line-height:18px}.breadcrumb{margin-bottom:10px;padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}.gallery{grid-auto-columns:calc(100% / 1.1)}.entity-gallery .gallery-row{grid-auto-columns:calc(100% / 2.3)}.section .section-header p,.section .section-header h2,.section .section-header h1{font-size:20px;line-height:22px}.roba-desktop{display:none}.roba-mobile{position:relative;top:0;margin-bottom:30px;display:flex;justify-content:start;align-items:center;flex-direction:column;width:calc(100vw - 30px);max-width:calc(100vw - 30px)}.roba-mobile ins{position:sticky;top:0}.bottom-ad-module{display:block;position:fixed;bottom:0;left:0;width:100%;margin:0;box-shadow:0 -1px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2);text-align:center;line-height:0;background:#f5f5f5;z-index:3000004;transition:transform .5s ease,opacity .5s ease}.bottom-ad-module-hidden{transform:translateY(100%);opacity:0}.bottom-ad-module .publi-box__close-btn{display:block;color:#666;background:#f5f5f5;z-index:1000001;font-size:17px;padding:5px;box-shadow:1px -2px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2);border-top-left-radius:8px;width:28px;height:28px;position:absolute;top:-28px;right:0;cursor:pointer}} .article{width:100%}.movie-header{position:relative;margin-bottom:40px;display:flex;flex-direction:row;align-items:flex-start}.movie-header .figure{position:relative;aspect-ratio:.66666667;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;background-color:#222;color:#fff;width:250px;flex:0 0 250px;overflow:hidden;margin-right:20px}.movie-header .figure .img{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}.movie-title-container{margin:0 auto;z-index:1;flex:1 1 100%;overflow:hidden}.movie-title-container .title{border-top:4px solid #001c4c;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;font-weight:bold;font-size:36px;line-height:38px;margin:0;padding:10px 0;margin-bottom:20px;color:#001c4c;text-transform:uppercase}.movie-title-container .author-name{margin-bottom:30px}.movie-title-container .author-name a{font-weight:normal;text-transform:uppercase}.movie-title-container .categories{position:absolute;bottom:0;margin-bottom:0}.movie-title-container .categories-relative{position:relative}.movie-title-container .categories a{margin-bottom:10px;margin-right:5px}.movie-title-container .tagline{margin-bottom:20px}.movie-buttons{display:flex;align-items:center;margin-bottom:20px}.movie-buttons .btn-buy{font-size:20px;line-height:1;font-family:sans-serif;font-weight:normal;text-transform:uppercase;height:60px;justify-content:center;align-items:center;display:flex;padding:0 30px;border-radius:30px}.movie-buttons .discountPercentage{font-size:22px;line-height:22px;font-weight:bold;color:green}.movie-container{display:flex;flex-direction:row}.movie-body{margin:0;width:780px;flex:0 0 780px;overflow:hidden}.aside-container{text-align:right;width:320px;flex:0 0 320px;position:relative;margin-left:40px}.providers{width:100%}.providers .provider-container{margin-bottom:20px}.providers a{margin-right:10px;display:inline-block}.providers a:last-child{margin-right:0}.providers img{width:55px;height:55px;border-radius:5px}.providers .provider-type{display:block;background:#eaede2;padding:5px;margin-bottom:10px;font-weight:bold}.providers .provider-container:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.movie-info .row-info{display:flex;flex-direction:row;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px}.movie-info .col-title{font-size:18px;line-height:24px;width:40%;flex:0 0 40%;display:flex;align-items:center;margin:0;font-weight:normal}.movie-info .col-title .icon{display:flex;margin-right:5px}.movie-info .col-title .icon svg{width:20px;height:20px}.movie-info .col-value{width:60%;flex:0 0 60%}.movie-info .col-value p{padding:0;margin:0}.movie-info .col-value .link{white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;display:block;overflow:hidden}.movie-share{position:fixed;bottom:10px;right:10px;z-index:1000}.movie-share .btn{font-size:25px;line-height:25px;padding:0;border-radius:50% !important;width:60px;height:60px;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;background:#064cc3}.movie-share .btn svg{width:30px;height:30px;fill:#fff}.circle-wrap{width:60px;height:60px;background:#ccc;border-radius:50%;margin:0 15px 0 0;z-index:1}.circle-wrap .circle{position:relative}.circle-wrap .circle .mask,.circle-wrap .circle .fill{width:60px;height:60px;position:absolute;border-radius:50%}.mask .fill{clip:rect(0,30px,60px,0);background-color:#000}.circle-wrap .circle .mask{clip:rect(0,60px,60px,30px)}.circle-wrap .inside-circle{font-family:sans-serif;width:49px;height:49px;border-radius:50%;background:#064cc3;color:#fff;position:absolute;z-index:100;font-weight:700;font-size:18px;line-height:18px;top:5px;left:5px;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}@media(max-width:1024px){.movie-body{width:100%;flex:0 0 100%;overflow:unset}.movie-header{flex-direction:column}.movie-header .figure{margin:0;width:100%;flex:0 0 100%;background-color:transparent;aspect-ratio:unset;padding:20px 50px}.movie-header .figure .img{position:relative;height:auto;box-shadow:0 0 10px 0 #333}.movie-title-container{width:100%;margin:0;padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px;text-align:center}.movie-title-container .title{border-top:0;font-size:26px;line-height:30px;margin:0 0 20px 0}.movie-buttons{flex-direction:column;margin-bottom:30px;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;padding-bottom:20px}.movie-buttons .btn-buy{margin-bottom:10px}.movie-title-container .categories{position:relative}.movie-container{margin:0;padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}.movie-info .row-info{flex-direction:column}.movie-info .col-title,.movie-info .col-value p,.movie-info .col-value a{margin:0}.movie-info .col-title{width:100%;flex:0 0 100%;font-weight:600}.movie-info .col-value{width:100%;flex:0 0 100%}}
El període de la història que va de 1931 a 1939, d’Espanya i també de Catalunya, va ser sense cap mena de dubte un dels més importants de la nostra contemporaneïtat. Foren els anys en què va estar instaurada la Segona República, en dues etapes —la de pau i la de guerra— que havien generat àmplies expectatives entre les classes populars: el 14 d’abril de 1931 fou una jornada de festa popular com se n’han conegut ben poques en el decurs de la història. Des d’aquell mateix dia, però, els sectors monàrquics i alguns militars varen començar a conspirar contra la República, una conspiració que —després del fracàs de l’intent de cop d’estat del general Sanjurjo l’estiu de 1932— va acabar menant a la guerra civil de 1936-1939. El llibre tracta d’aquest període en tres parts molt concretes. L’etapa de la República de pau se centra fonamentalment en la importància dels fets del 6 d’Octubre de 1934, per posar de manifest que la proclamació de l’Estat Català per part de Companys va venir acompanyada d’accions socials que varen tenir com a protagonistes l’Aliança Obrera i les diverses formacions polítiques que la formaven. La guerra civil és tractada a partir de tres aspectes: les transformacions i canvis econòmics i polítics que van tenir lloc en esclatar la guerra; la internacionalització de la guerra civil; i el paper que va desenvolupar el Partit Obrer d’Unificació Marxista. Finalment, la darrera part del llibre està dedicada a l’ocupació franquista i a l’exili que milers de republicans van portar a terme a partir de 1939. D’aquesta manera el llibre fa un repàs als aspectes més significatius de tota l’etapa republicana, centrant-se també en qüestions menys conegudes d’un període que havia començat amb nombroses expectatives de canvi, però que va acabar amb la imposició d’una dictadura que es va allargar durant gairebé quatre dècades.