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La presente monografía tiene por objeto analizar los riesgos derivados de la utilización de la inteligencia artificial por la istración tributaria, sobre todo con fines comprobatorios. Resulta innegable que la inteligencia artificial puede potenciar la lucha contra el fraude fiscal y, en este sentido, la selección de contribuyentes a efectos comprobatorios se erige en uno de los máximos exponentes de esa funcionalidad. Esta tecnología permite a la istración tributaria elaborar perfiles de contribuyentes y clasificarlos en función de su índice de riesgo de incumplimiento para, de este modo, optimizar la apertura y tramitación de los oportunos procedimientos tributarios de comprobación o inspección. Ahora bien, esta utilización de la inteligencia artificial puede generar fricciones con determinados derechos y garantías de los contribuyentes. Desde esta perspectiva, se ha buscado analizar la opacidad y los sesgos de los sistemas de inteligencia artificial, en tanto principales riesgos vinculados a su empleo por la istración tributaria, sobre todo a efectos comprobatorios. Y ello al objeto de dilucidar cuál es el peligro real de que esa falta de transparencia o desviación en las respuestas computacionales pueda generar indefensión o discriminación para los obligados. A tales efectos, el trabajo parte de una breve aproximación a la inteligencia artificial, examinándose la base jurídica de su utilización por parte de la istración tributaria. Seguidamente, se trata la cuestión de la opacidad que suele anudarse a la inteligencia artificial, preguntándonos si cabría predicar una especie de derecho a conocer cómo la istración emplea estos sistemas en su actuación y, en su caso, cuál podría ser su anclaje y contenido jurídicos. Concretamente, se examina si la istración tributaria debería motivar cómo ha operado la inteligencia artificial a la hora de incluir a los contribuyentes en los procedimientos de comprobación o inspección. De otro la