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Los ensayos de Michel de Montaigne están contenidos en tres libros y 107 capítulos de diversa extensión. Originalmente se escribieron en francés medio y se publicaron originalmente en el Reino de Francia. El diseño declarado de Montaigne al escribir, publicar y revisar los Ensayos durante el período de aproximadamente 1570 a 1592 fue registrar "algunos rasgos de mi carácter y de mis humores". Los ensayos se publicaron por primera vez en 1580 y cubren una amplia gama de temas.Montaigne escribió en una retórica bastante elaborada diseñada para intrigar e involucrar al lector, a veces pareciendo moverse en una corriente de pensamiento de un tema a otro y otras veces empleando un estilo estructurado que da más énfasis a la naturaleza didáctica de su trabajo. Sus argumentos a menudo se respaldan con citas de textos griegos, latinos e italianos antiguos, como De rerum natura de Lucrecio y las obras de Plutarco. Además, sus ensayos fueron vistos como una contribución importante tanto a la forma de escritura como al escepticismo. El nombre en sí proviene de la palabra sa essais, que significa "intentos" o "pruebas", que muestra cómo esta nueva forma de escritura no tenía como objetivo educar o probar. Más bien, sus ensayos fueron viajes exploratorios en los que trabaja a través de pasos lógicos para llevar el escepticismo a lo que se está discutiendo.
Michel de Montaigne
Michel de Montaigne (1533-1592), noble y pensador francés que repartió su vida entre la actividad política y los retiros literarios en su castillo, fue uno de los primeros filósofos en escribir su obra íntegramente en francés en lugar de latín. Montaigne acuñó por primera vez el término «ensayo» referido a un nuevo género literario que ha gozado de innumerables e ilustres practicantes hasta nuestros días. Frente a la obra filosófica o moral clásica, que pretendía pontificar sobre cómo es el mundo y cómo debe comportarse el hombre en él, Montaigne opuso el concepto más escéptico y liberal de «ensayo» (en el sentido de ejercicio o prueba) para designar su método intelectual, su estilo de vida, su experiencia de sí mismo.
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