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Los discursos reunidos en este volumen, popularmente conocidos como Filípicas (un declarado homenaje a Demóstenes), quizá marcan el cenit de la elocuencia ciceroniana y de la lengua latina en general. Son además un valiosísimo testimonio histórico de un momento clave para entender el final de la República romana. Tras el asesinato de Julio Cesar, Marco Tulio Cicerón preparó como senador estos discursos contra Marco Antonio entre septiembre de 44 a.áC. y mediados del año siguiente, poco antes de ser el mismo asesinado. Concebidos como si fueran batallas políticas, estos textos son las mejores armas oratorias que pudo esgrimir Cicerón para defender un sistema de gobierno que se tambaleaba peligrosamente y por el que acabó muriendo.
Marco Tulio Ciceron
Marco Tulio Cicerón pertenecía a una familia acomodada lo que le permitió desarrollar sus estudios en Roma. Sus primeros pasos se dirigieron hacia la jurisprudencia, la filosofía y la retórica, realizando un viaje por Grecia para conocer la cultura helenística. En el año 77 a.C. regresó a Roma iniciando el cursus honorum al año siguiente. Fue nombrado cuestor en Sicilia y en el año 67 obtuvo el cargo de pretor desde el que apoyó a Pompeyo. Tres año más tarde fue elegido cónsul. El Triunvirato de Pompeyo, Craso y César motivaría la decadencia de Cicerón ya que fue condenado al exilio durante un año. La muerte de César le acercó de nuevo a la política. Antonio dirigió contra él a sus sicarios, que le dieron muerte cerca de Fornia.
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